De parodontale gezondheid bij patiënten met obstructieve slaapapneu

Periodontal health in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea

Obstructive sleep apnoea is a sleep-related breathing disorder characterized by repeated episodes of partial or complete obstruction of the upper airway during the sleep. The severity of obstructive sleep apnoea is determined by the apnoea-hypopnea index, which represents the number of apnoea’s and hypopnea’s per hour of sleep. A systematic literature review on the association between obstructive sleep apnoea and the periodontal condition was conducted in the PubMed and Dentistry & Oral Sciences databases. Independent selection and assessment of methodological quality were performed by 2 researchers, followed by a descriptive comparison of the results. From 236 search results, with a total of 462 participants aged 18 to 77, four cross-sectional studies met the inclusion criteria. A significant decrease in clinical attachment level and increase in bleeding tendency was observed in participants with an apnoea-hypopnoea index ≥ 5. Patients with obstructive sleep apnoea exhibit impaired periodontal health, particularly with regard to clinical attachment level and bleeding tendency. There appears to be a possible association, which may be influenced by shared risk factors.